五年级上册数学《小数乘法》简便运算 乘法交换律:a×b=b×a 乘法结合律:(a×b)×c=a×(b×c) 乘法分配律:(a+b)×c=a×c+b×c 1.拆加型 3.5×10.2 =3.5×(10+0.2) =3.5×10+3.5×0.2 =35+0.7 =35.7 4.逆合型 8.5×4.3+5.7×8.5 =8.5×(4.3+5.7) =8.5×10 =85 7.移小数点 0.58×50.7+5.8×4.93 =5.8×5.07+5.8×4.93 =5.8×(5.07+4.93) =5.8×10 =58 2.拆减型 3.5×9.8 =3.5×(10-0.2) =3.5×10-3.5×0.2 =35-0.7 =34.3 5.顺展型 2.5×(4+0.8) =2.5×4+2.5×0.8 =10+2 =12 8.添“1”型 2.5×3+2.5 =2.5×3+2.5×1 =2.5×(3+1) =2.5×4 =10 3.拆倍法 2.5×97+7.5 =2.5×97+2.5×3 =2.5×(97+3) =2.5×100 =250 6.拆分—凑整 1.25×48 =1.25×8×6 =10×6 =60 9.公式法(交换、结合律) 1.25×2.5×0.8×4 =(1.25×0.8)×(2.5×4) =1×10 =10
