减法运算性质:a-(b+c)=a-b-c -(+) =-- =-- =1- = 减法的连减:a-b-c=a-(b+c) 2-- =2-(+) =2-1 =1 加法结合律:a+b+c=a+(b+c) ++ =+(+) =+1 =1 其他:a-b+c=a+c-b -+ =+- =1- =